Topic: summary
Order Description
Assignment: Write a one-page summary of the background and updated information about
affirmative action presented by Peter Katel in the 2008 CQ Researcher report “Is it time to end
racial preferences?” Don’t try to summarize all the information presented in this report; focus
on information related to college admissions. Guidelines for accessing the database appear
below.
Introduction to Summary
To write a clear summary of someone else’s work, you must understand the central idea or
ideas an author wishes to convey. You also need to identify a limited number of key minor
ideas that support the central idea. Since summaries are always shorter than the original work
they summarize, you must decide what points to include and what to leave out. Typically,
summaries are objective—that is they express the ideas in the text you are summarizing and
avoid including your own subjective opinions or thoughts.
Writing the summary:
? Early in the summary, mention the title of the text, the name of the author and a general
description of the work, concept, or point you want to summarize.
? Maintain a neutral tone; be objective.
? Use the third-person point of view and the present tense: Peter Katel proposes that…The
term “affirmative action” has a long history….
? Put all or most of your summary in your own words; if you borrow a phrase or a
sentence from the text, put it in quotation marks and give the page number in
parentheses.
? Limit yourself to presenting the text’s key points: don’t retell in detail all the examples
used to support a point.
Using signal phrases:
Groups of words called “signal phrases” make it clear that the ideas you are summarizing are
not your own. Here are examples of signal phrases to use in your summary:
Katel claims that…
The author suggests that….
In describing outlining the history of affirmative action, Katel reports that…
According to Katel, the Supreme Court has ruled…
Accessing the database: This article can only be read in the CQ Researcher database; it is not
available on the internet. To read it, you need to visit the ARC Library website, following these
links: ARC homepage > Academics > Library > Research Databases > CQ Researcher. Once you
have reached the CQ Researcher site, use the search term “Affirmative Action” and click on the
link for the 2008 report (updated in 2012). If you are off campus, you will need your ARC
Student ID number and password, in order to view the database.
Login-: username-w1558602
password-Natomas2016

